As I mentioned before, I actually believe the raw dates of the C-14 from the labs are correct. The reason it has a medieval date is because the C-14 sample also contained recent material. As proposed by Benford and Marino, it contained a cotton fabric that was used to repair that section of the shroud and it also was dyed to match the existing linen.
Supporting evidence:
1. The quad mosaic imaging shows the Raes corner is chemically different.
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2. Benford and Marino presented several lines of evidence the sample was not homogeneous:
– Visual differences in weaving
– Confirmation of reweave from multiple textile experts
– Testimony from Riggi other non-linen fibers were present
– Bryan Walsh analysis of data of a 97.7% chance the 3 labs samples were different
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3. Ray Rogers, the lead chemist of STURP, analyzed a sample from the same section used by the C-14 labs and confirmed cotton and a dye existed.
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4. Robert Villarreal, a Los Alamos National Lab chemist, confirmed chemical differences between the ends of the threads from the sample Rogers gave him.
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5. John Brown, principal research scientist at Georgia Tech Research Institute, studied some threads from the Raes sample and found evidence of cotton threads with dye applied to it.
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6. In Gilbert Raes’ report from his sample that was cut in 1973, he had noted the presence of cotton fibers in his sample.
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7. Even in the official 1988 C-14 Nature report there is evidence the lab samples were not homogeneous.
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https://debatingchristianity.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1113898#p1113898