How feet were affixed to cross

Athetotheist wrote: ↑Sat Jun 24, 2023 3:04 pm Yet there’s a clear, dark image of the bottom of one foot—-including the heel. The first photo you posted shows the fabric covering that heel at the same angle at which it would have covered the top of the head—-where there is no image.

The angle encoding I propose is the angle of the cloth relative to the plane along the body from head to the feet. I would disagree with Jackson’s depiction of Jesus’ foot angle relative to the plane. I think it must’ve been parallel with the plane of the body. It appears Jackson believes there was a suppedaneum on the cross that Jesus had his feet on. So, it would cause the feet to be more like 45 degrees to the plane.

But I believe the right foot was nailed directly to the cross and the sole of the right foot was flush against the cross. The left foot was nailed on top of the right foot.

Paul Maloney has a paper on how he believes the feet were affixed to the cross, which I think is pretty reasonable. He bases his theory primarily on the foot blood patterns and not on the foot imaging.

My conclusion therefore is this: First, two nails in the right foot
flattened the foot against the stipes of the cross creating the downward
flow of blood and the capillaric spread of blood throughout the bottom
of the foot. But the left foot, nailed with only one nail, retained the
arch of the foot with little chance for any capillary action to spread the
blood.

https://www.shroud.com/pdfs/stlmaloneypaper.pdf

Since the foot imaging is fairly dark, the right foot flat against the cross is consistent with angle encoding.