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Videos
General
- Resurrection and historicity
- What is the Shroud of Turin? part 1/2
- What is the Shroud of Turin? part 2/2
- Skeptics claim it is a forgery
Features
- Unique style of the image
- Secondo Pia and photographic negative effect
- Image discernible only from a certain distance
- Image only on topmost fibers
- Nail through wrist
- Dislocation of shoulder
- X-ray effect
- No body image under blood stains
- 3-D encoded information
- Halftone effect
- Airbrush effect
- Body image not visible in transmitted light
- Hyperrealism
- Certain features missing and angle encoding
- Rigor mortis
- Imaging on reverse side of cloth
- Blood stains
- Crucifixion
- Blood stains and UV photographs
- Scourging
- Crown of thorns
- Blood patterns matches Jesus of Nazareth
- Side wound
- Shoulder abrasions
- Chemical tests confirm real blood
- Blood serum retraction rings
- Blood exudate
- Blood stains have no evidence of any smearing, breakage, or cracking
- Facial wounds
- No broken bones
- Whip marks
- Type AB blood
- 7 image patterns match Jesus of Nazareth
- No decomposition
- Shroud made of linen
- Scriptural references to the linen burial cloth
- Cubit
- Burial cloth
- Side strip
- Herringbone weave
- Comparison with other burial shrouds
- Banding
- Calcium particles on the feet area
- Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS)
- DNA analysis
- Summary arguments cloth from 1st century Jerusalem
- Features at the fabric level, thread level, and fiber level
- Disputable evidence
- Summary of arguments on the Shroud of Turin
Not artwork
- Silence from art community
- Thomas de Wesselow testimony
- Michael Tite testimony
- Silence in art journals
- Leonardo da Vinci
- No evidence of any erasure or rework
d’Arcis memo
- d’Arcis memo
- All Catholic cathedrals were expected to have a relic
- Geoffroi de Charny
- Bishop Pierre d’Arcis
- Lirey church
- Charny did not display the shroud
- More evidence the d’Arcis memo is suspect
- How Charny got possession of the shroud
- Charny family sold the shroud to the Savoy family
- d’Arcis memo final argument
Carbon-14 dating
- Carbon dating and coal
- C-14 dating as final arbiter
- 1260 – 1390!
- Turin shroud shown to be a fake
- C-14 evidence by itself is not conclusive evidence
- Parties that bear guilt in procedural problems
- C-14 only tested a single patch
- STURP not allowed involvement with C-14 dating
- Only 3 labs can do the C-14 test
- C-14 sampled from one of the most contaminated sections
- Quad Mosaic imaging
- Blind testing was not done
- Putting samples in a separate room not filmed
- C-14 sample weights not consistent
- C-14 labs were not rigorous in carrying out the initial steps
- C-14 labs did not have have independent testing
- C-14 data was kept hidden
- C-14 lab conflict of interest
- Manipulation of C-14 data
- Summary of C-14 procedural issues
- Why I believe the church will not allow anymore tests on the shroud
- Benford and Marino invisible patch theory
- Ray Rogers confirmed C-14 sample was not homogeneous
- Robert Villarreal confirms chemical differences in sample
- John Brown confirms presence of cotton in C-14 sample
- Gilbert Raes confirms cotton in his sample
- Official 1988 C-14 report notes heterogeneity
- Summary C-14 sample was heterogeneous
- Teddy Hall and Piltdown Man hoax
- Christopher Ramsey (director of the Oxford C-14 lab) testimony
- Summary of arguments against C-14 dating result
- Mechthild Flury – Lemberg rejects invisible reweave
- Richard Corfield – Chemistry in the face of belief
McCrone
- Walter McCrone
- How McCrone got the sticky tape samples
- McCrone testified he cannot scientifically prove the TS is a fake
- Harry Gove testified McCrone had biased motivation
- McCrone and STURP
- McCrone’s theory of how the TS was created
- I do not know whether the amount of iron oxide present is sufficient to explain the entire image
- Studying from sticky tape
- Chemical tests confirm real blood
- Summary of arguments against McCrone and his findings
Counter arguments
- Bible says there were linen clothes
- How can old blood be red?
- Experts believe the shroud is a fake
- STURP members were deeply religious
- Anatomical distortions
- VP-8 image analyzer algorithm was wrong
- Did herringbone weave technology exist in 1st century?
- Body image longer on back side than front
- How can a linen cloth last so long?
- Jesus could not have had long hair
- Cannot prove the shroud is authentic
- Did Jews have beards?
- Looks like art to objective eyes
- Why are there blood stains outside the body image?
Naturalism and supernaturalism
Provenance
- Problem of provenance
- Start discussing provenance of the shroud
- Pray codex
- Robert de Clari
- Man of sorrows
- Constantinople
- Icons and Orthodoxy
- Christ Pantocrator
- Sack of Constantinople in 1204
- Legends
- From Edessa to Constantinople
- Acheiropoieta
- Verdun altarpiece
- Scenes from the Passion of Christ
- Edessa
- Byzantine coins
- Image of Edessa, Mandylion
- King Abgar V
- Tetradiplon
- Questions for skeptics regarding provenance
- Byzantine Iconoclasm
- Ian Wilson disputes Frale’s claim
- Templecombe panel
- Medallion of Lirey
- Knights Templar
- Shroud and the Templars
- Templars executed
- Holy Grail
- Jerusalem hymn
- Joseph of Arimathea
- Edessa image rediscovered in 525
- Art depictions of Jesus before 525
- Ecclesiastical History of Evagrius
- Keramion
- Shroud stored in jar
- Gospel of the Hebrews
- Summary of provenance
- Shroud history since 1453
Replication attempts
- Luigi Garlaschelli
- Joe Nickell
- Nickell’s bas-relief #1
- Nickell’s bas-relief #2
- Borrini and Garlaschelli – part 1/2
- Borrini and Garlaschelli – part 2/2
Imaging
- Map image projection
- Bas-relief
- Start discussion on body imaging
- What is bas-relief?
- Head gap
- John Jackson and cloth collapse theory
- Ultraviolet laser radiation
- Teleportation
- No artistic methods are viable
- Maillard reaction
- Corona/electrostatic discharge
- Proto-photograph
- Neutron emission/absorption
- Dematerialization
- Recap top imaging theories
- Dematerialization and resurrection
- No replications of blood stains
Concluding argument
Additional shroud features and questions
- How feet were affixed to cross
- Was Jesus’s body washed?
- What was cause of Jesus’s death?
- Crown of thorns and scourging
- Gundelia tournefortii and crown of thorns
- How was Jesus’s body wrapped in the shroud?
Additional dating
Claims about shroud
Disputable evidence
Skeptics on TS
- Marvin Mueller’s Critical Appraisal
- Dale Allison – I wager against authenticity
- Robert Price – Is The Shroud of Turin Real?
- Reason to Doubt – C14 dating
- Reason to Doubt – Shroud imaging
- Reason to Doubt – Shroud art, history, and pollen
- Reason to Doubt – Allen Parr interviewing Jeremiah Johnston
- Shroud of Turin debate between Dale and Jordan
- MythVision – Andrea Nicolotti
- Torah family – Is the Shroud of Turin the burial Cloth of Yeshua?
- Pale Blue Thoughts – The Shroud of Turin’s Authenticity Exposed
Skeptics on Resurrection
- Bart Ehrman and Mike Licona
- Horn and Dillahunty – Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence
- Derreck Bennett – Failed messiahs
- Dan Barker – Did Jesus Really Rise From the Dead?
- Jesus was raised spiritually, not bodily
- Richard Carrier – The Case Against the Resurrection
- Dennis MacDonald vs. Mike Licona – The Resurrection of Jesus Debate
- David Hume
Extraordinary evidence
Post resurrection shroud references
- Why is the post resurrection shroud not explicitly mentioned in the Bible?
- Christian symbolism
- Symbolism in Bible
- Galatians 3:1 – portrayed before your very eyes as having been crucified
- 2 Timothy 4:13 – cloak
- Acts 1:3 – many infallible proofs
- Acts 10:11 – large linen sheet coming down
- Acts 19:12 – handkerchiefs aprons
Early Christian beliefs
Quotes
Imaging reconstructions